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Title: English Reader 6th Standard Rajasthan Board

Author: Rajasthan State Textbook Board

Copyright 2016 by State Institute of Educational Research and Training

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Begin Content

Cover Page Title

ENGLISH READER

Class: VI

For Free Distribution in Government Schools

State Institute of Educational Research and Training, Udaipur

Publisher
Rajasthan State Textbook Board Jaipur (Rajasthan)

Edition: 2016

© State Institute of educational Research and Training (SIERT), Udaipur

© Rajasthan State Text Book Board, Jaipur

Price:

Printing Paper: RSTB watermark 80 GSMPaper

Publisher: Rajasthan State Text Book Board 2-2A, Jhalana Doongri, Jaipur

Quantity:

Printer:

All Rights Reserved

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.

This book is sold subject to the condition that it shall not, by way of trade, be lent, resold, hired out or otherwise disposed of without the publisher’s consent, in any form of binding or cover other than that in which it is published.

The correct price of this publication is the price printed on this page. Any revised price indicated by a rubber stamp or by sticker or by any other means is incorrect and should be unacceptable.

Any change can only be made by the publisher.

Financial Support for Text Book Development Unicef Rajasthan, Jaipur

Preface

In the multilingual milieu of India, English has occupied the place of lingua franca between the different states of the country. So the knowledge and acquisition of competence in English is the need of the post independent India. The use of the English language in almost all the spheres of life has increased this need to a great extent.

The series of the text books titled ‘English Reader’ is based on the syllabi of English approved by the state government in the light of NCF, 2005.

This text book has been designed to make the students competent in learning English language. This book helps to develop the four language skills (i.e. listening, speaking, reading and writing) in the learner with the help of ‘Textual Activities’ designed for this purpose. It widens the student’s knowledge through a variety of themes interwoven in the lessons in the text book. There is a wide coverage of themes ranging from self, family, neighbourhood, society, heroes, and patriots to current state and national issues. It also makes the students aware of the diverse genres of English language by the manner of presentation of its text forms viz. description, story, dialogue, biography, process writing and one act play which make learning a joyful and exciting experience. It evaluates the learning outcomes of the students with different activities/exercises through pair work and group work.

This text book contains two types of texts-prose and poetry. Both the texts broaden the head and heart of the students.

The themes cover the issues from local to global. They represent cultural ethos with universal values, which inculcate the basic human values of love, sacrifice, kindness, cooperation, honesty, gratefulness, patriotism, hard work, tolerance and concern for others etc. They reflect the rich and colorful culture of Rajasthan and the great personalities of our country and state have been given due place in the text book. There is a message of environment protection and conservation of water. Glossary at the end of the text helps the students overcome their lexical difficulties. This adds to their vocabulary too. In this book five activities have been given for practice at the end of every lesson.

Activity-I: It tests the student’s comprehension of the content and language of the lesson. It includes various types of questions viz. true, false; yes, no; multiple choice and ‘wh’ questions.

Activity-II: It aims at enhancing the student’s vocabulary through different ways.

Activity-III: This explains the categories of grammar occurring in the text through examples. The rules of grammatical items are deducted from examples. Different types of exercises for practice and test are given in this activity.

Activity-IV: This caters to develop the student’s skills of listening and speaking through pronunciation practice and answering the questions, exercises etc.

Activity-V: This has been designed to inculcate the writing skills in the students though paragraph writing, letter writing, story writing with the help of given hints, answering the questions and arranging the sentences of a paragraph etc.

The poems given in the text book are meant to provide pleasure to the students. The learner with the teacher’s guidance should be able to draw the main ideas of the poem.

For conducting different language activities varied un-standardized instructions, have been given at the beginning of them only with a view to exposing the learners to target language in different ways and there by enhance their linguistic competence in English.

S.I.E.R.T. wholeheartedly thanks members of Unicef Mr. Samuel M., Chief of UNICEF Jaipur , Dr. Sulagna Roy Education specialist, UNICEF for their timely financial support.

We are especially thankful to Mr. Kunjilal Meena, Secretary Elementary Education, Mr. Nareshpal Gangwar, Secretary and Commisioner RAMSA, Mr. Babulal Meena, Director Elementary Education, Bikaner, Mr. Suwalal, Director Secondary Education Bikaner , Mr. B.L. Jatawat Commissioner SSA and Rajasthan Council of Elementary Education, Govt. of Rajasthan for their valuable suggestions and guidance in making these textbooks better.

It is hoped that this book with stimulating and elevating lessons backed up with adequate language activates will help learners learn English with pleasure by their being the center of teaching-learning process. Suggestions for improvement of text book if any, will be most welcomed.

We express our heartiest thanks to all the writers, poets, publishers, websites and other resources that have directly or indirectly contributed in the shaping this textbook.

Director,
State Institute of Educational
Research and Training
Udaipur (Rajasthan)

Textbook Development Team

Patron: Vinita Bohra, Director, SIERT, Udaipur

Chief Co-ordinator: Narayan Lal Prajapat, Deputy Director, SIERT, Udaipur

Co-ordinators: Hemlata Menaria. Principal, SIERT, Udaipur Sushma Ahari, Lecturer, SIERT, Udaipur

Core member: Prof. (Dr.) Suresh K umar Agrawal, MGS University, Bikaner

Convener: Purushottam Gupta, Principal, GSSS, Khazalpura, Jaipur

Authors/Editors: Purushottam Gupta, Principal, GSSS, K hazalpura, Jaipur,

: Devendra Bhardwaj, Lecturer, GSSS, Durgapura, Jaipur

: Damodar Lal Kabra, Retd. Principal, Chittorgarh

: Madhav Lal Jat, Retd. Principal, Chittorgarh

: Subhash Chandra Mangal, Principal, GSSS, Shergarh Masuda (Ajmer)

: Saroj Kanwar, Principal, GGSSS, Amarsar, Jaipur

: Rajeev Mishra, Principal, GSSS, Dara Stn. Kota

: Rahul Sharma, CRP, DCE, DIET, Kota

: Ashutosh Tuli, Lecturer, SIERT, Udaipur

: Gajendra Kumar Sharma, Lecturer, GSSS, Hindon City

: Aruna Sharma, Sr. Teacher, KGBV, Dabich, Jaipur

: Manoj Dadhich, Sr.Teacher, GSS, Kaliwas (Girwa) Udaipur

: Tarun Mittal, Sr. Teacher, GSS,Thunsra, Baran

: Ramakant Sharma, Teacher, GSSS, Begus, Jaipur

: Dr. Dhiraj Joshi, Teacher, GUPS, Sundargram, Banswara

: Poonam Sharma, Teacher, GSSS, Kuchaman City

Layout, Designing: Dr. JagdishKumawat, Lecturer, SIERT, Udaipur

Illustrator: Kishore Meena, Astt, Prof. Amity University, Jaipur

Technical Support: Hemant Ameta, Lecturer, SIERT, Udaipur Abhinav Pandya, SIERT, Udaipur

Graphic Designing: Schematics Mining Pvt. Ltd. Dehradun, (U.K.)

Teacher’s Page

The role of a teacher in the classroom and the school is of a great value. The effectiveness of the teaching-learning processes rely much on the preparation and the presentation of the Text and the Textual Activities/exercises in the class by the teacher. A good teacher makes ‘Teaching Plan’ practical, before the commencement of the session. Unplanned teaching is unjust to the students. Your daily classroom teaching should certainly include the use of audio-visual-verbal teaching aids. The use of teaching aids makes the classroom teaching delightful, attractive and effective. To fulfil this purpose abundant illustrations have been given in this textbook. The present textbook should be taught in the following manner to make the classroom teaching effective and fruitful.

The ‘Pre-reading’ ‘Statements/Questions’ have been given just below the ‘Title’ or the ‘Visual’ in each lesson. It uses the experiences and the environment of the learners to relate them to the lesson you are about to teach. Speaking in English needn’t be stressed upon. Read the ‘Prereading Statements’ aloud to make the students guess what the story or poem is about. Have an informal discussion on the positive and negative points of different contexts. Encourage the students to talk about their own experiences.

Teachers should read the poem and stories aloud to the class with emphasis on clear speech, correct pauses, voice change and expression. Then, ask the students to read silently and understand the text. ‘Activity-I’ has been designed for ‘Comprehension’ of the text.

When they finish silent reading of the text, ask them to repeat or recite. Help them answer the questions at the end of the text orally. They can read the text again. Explain and ask questions to aid understanding. Discussion should be encouraged and facilitated. This can be followed by class activities like role play, spotting rhyming words and so on. ‘Activity-IV’ has been designed for ‘Listening and Speaking skills’.

Encourage the students to understand the text with the help of the glossary. They should also be able to look up the dictionary. Textual ‘Activity-II’ has been designed to make the students learn antonyms, synonyms, one word substitution, number, gender, word formation, compound words, homophones, missing letters etc. Teachers should give more exercises of these to the students.

While teaching grammar, teachers should use the methods and approaches of teaching English. Inductive-Deductive method, Situational and Structural approaches are useful ones. Teach a topic by giving examples first. Put up questions on examples. Extract the desired reply from the students. And then make a general definition/statement about the rule/teaching point. After that, give more example and ask the students to solve them. Finally, give them exercises to do. The topics of articles, present perfect tense, relative pronouns, prepositions, sentence reordering, simple past tense, passive voice, indirect narration, adjectives, modals, conjunctions, imperatives etc. have been given here. ‘Activity-III’ has been designed to explain the rules and topics of grammar.

Teachers should ask the students to write about the given task in the classroom. They should help the students to tell an appropriate English word of a Hindi word or of a context and the correct sentence structure if the teacher finds a student’s sentence faulty. They should give more exercises to the students to do at home and then correct them also if needed. ‘Activity-V’ has been designed for this purpose. It includes Diary entry, Paragraph writing, Poster, Notice, Letter, Story, Picture composition, Process writing, Description etc.

Teachers should evaluate the learning of their students through important assessment tools. They should keep record of the progress of the child in different skills of English. They should give remark as feedback but in a positive way.

Contents

1. Health and Hygiene

2. The Fruit of Hard Work

3. The Smart Village

4. Clean India: Our Role

5. Homes

6. Maharana Pratap

7. Know Me: I am Your Capital City

8. The Fire

9. Folk Dances of Rajasthan

10. Words Never Die

11. Road Safety

12. Punna Dhai: A Sacrifice for Motherland

13. The computer

14. Opening an Account

15. The Monsoon Fair

16. Swami TeoonramJi

1. Health and Hygiene

You must have heard the proverb ‘Health is wealth’ and Cleanliness (hygiene) is next to godliness.

Every student must be aware of the importance of health.

Now read the conversation (related to health and hygiene) given below:

Seema: Good morning, madam.

Teacher: Good morning, Seema. Seema: I am not well today.

Teacher: This is a health related problem.

Seema: What is health, ma’am?

Teacher: Health is the state of complete physical, mental ,emotional, spiritual and social well-being. It is not only absence of diseases.

Saroj: Could you please explain these different types of health ?

Teacher: I’ll explain to you one by one.

When the body is free from any physical ailment or abnormal condition, it is physical health.

The state of absence of stress, tension, worry, negative thoughts, etc. is mental health.

A balanced state without anger, greed, pride, hatred, etc. is emotional health.

To live in oneself with uniformity and harmony is spiritual health.

To maintain, protect and improve the health of people through organized social efforts is social health.

Sushma: Why do we fall ill?

Teacher: Because we don’t pay attention to hygiene.

Santosh: What is hygiene, ma’am?

Teacher: Hygiene is the science and art of preserving and improving health of a person (known as personal hygiene)and of a community (known as community hygiene).

Sunil: What should we do to maintain personal hygiene, ma’am?

Teacher: To maintain personal hygiene we should:

brush our teeth regularly.

bathe with fresh water regularly.

wear clean and dry clothes.

wash our hands with soap after using the toilet and before every meal.

wash our eyes with cold water regularly.

cut our nails regularly and keep them clean.

use pure drinking water.

never take uncovered eatables.

use handkerchief while coughing or sneezing.

take a balanced and healthy diet.

Hemlata: How should we maintain community hygiene, ma’am?

Teacher: To maintain community hygiene, we should:

keep our surroundings and environment clean.

receive the drinking water supply through underground pipe system.

build and use the public toilets (latrines).

use manure pits for animals’droppings.

grow more and more trees.

Aruna: Thanks a lot, ma’am. Now we have learnt well that health is wealth and cleanliness is next to godliness In fact, knowledge is an income.

Teacher : You are welcome.

Glossary

hygiene - keeping oneself and things around one clean

emotional - connected with people’s feelings

spiritual - connected with human spirit

well-being - a state of being healthy and happy ailment - any illness

abnormal - different from what is normal or usual stress - worry and pressure by the problems hatred - a strong feeling of dislike

protect - to keep safe

preserve - to keep in a good condition

sneeze - to make air come out of your nose suddenly

manure - the waste matter from animals and plants mixed with soil to help plants grow

droppings - waste material from the bodies of animals or birds

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative:

I) A balanced state without anger, greed, pride, hatred etc. is

a) physical health.

b) spiritual health.

c) social health.

d) smotional health.

II) The state of complete physical, mental, emotional, spiritual and social well being is

a) wealth

b) hygiene

c) health

d) none of the above

B. Complete the following statements by chossing from the text-

i) We should bathe with fresh ............................………

ii) We should wear clean and ……….............………

iii) We should use pure……………................……....…

iv) We should use handkerchief while.....................…...……

v) We should take balanced and………................……

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks with words from the box-

toilets | manure | hygiene
environment | trees | supply

i) How should we maintain community …………… ma’am?

ii) We should keep our surroundings and ……….. clean.

iii) We should receive the drinking water …………… through underground pipe system.

iv) We should use ………………… pits for animals’ droppings.

v) We should build and use the public ………………

vi) We should grow more and more ………………… .

B. Fill in the following crossword puzzle with suitable words - Across

2. Cleanliness is next to g………………………………

3. H …………………………..is wealth.

5. B…………………………………with fresh water regularly.

Downward

1. What should we do to maintain personal h……….., ma’am?

4. Health is the state of complete physical, mental, emotional, spiritual and s ………………well-being.

Upward

6. G ..………………………………..more and more trees.

CROSSWORD PUZZLE

Activity III

A. Read the following sentences taken from the text3 . And pay attention to the use of ‘a’, ‘an’ and ‘the’.

1. This is a health-related problem.

2. Knowledge is an income.

3. When the body is free from physical ailment, it is physical health.

A’ is used before a word beginning with a consonant sound. It stands for any or one person, animal, place or thing. See sentence number one.

‘An’ is used before a word beginning with a vowel sound. It also stands for any or one person, animal, place or thing.

‘The’ is used for a particular name of a person, animal, place or thing.

Now fill in the blanks with ‘a’, ‘an’ or ‘the’.

i) Hygiene relates to the health of ……………..person. ii) Eat ………………….. apple a day for good health.

iii) To maintain, protect and improve ………………..health of people is social health.

iv) Improving health of …………. community is community hygiene.

v) …………………………..orange is a juicy fruit.

vi) Hygiene is ………….science of preserving and improving health.

B. Read the following sentences. And learn to identify Sentence Elements

(Subject, Verb, Object, Complement, Adverbial S V O C A).

1. Students laugh. (Subject & Verb)

2. Students wear uniforms. (Subject, Verb &Object)

3. Seema is a student. (Subject, Verb &Complement)

4. Students study in the morning. (Sub., Verb & Adverbial)

5. Students study English in the morning. (Sub., Verb, Object & Adverbial)

The doer of the action is said to be the subject of a sentence, as it is in all the above sentences.

The word which denotes an action or a state is a verb, as it is in all the above sentences.

The receiver of action is called the object, as it is in sentences number two and five.

A word or a group of words added to a sentence to make it complete is said to be a complement, as it is in the sentence number three.

Now mark the sentence elements in the following sentences.

1. The teacher guides Seema.

2. He is a teacher.

3. The baby is sleeping on the bed.

4. Seema asked the teacher many questions.

5. Seema came there in the morning.

Activity IV

A. The students are to listen to the following paragraph to be read out by their teacher.

Food hygiene is a necessary part of maintaining good health. Always buy quality food items. We must keep our kitchen clean and dry. Cleanliness during preparation of food is necessary. Vegetables need to be washed properly and carefully before cutting them. Clean your refrigerator regularly. Always use germ-free water. We must store our food and drinking water in clean and dry place.

B. You have listened to the paragraph read out by your teacher. Now answer the questions based on this paragraph-

i) Suggest a suitable title.

ii) What type of food items should we buy?

iii) How should we keep our kitchen?

iv) What should we clean regularly?

v) Should we wash the green vegetables?

Activity V

A. How can we keep good health? Write six sentences using the clues given below.

personal hygiene.

community hygiene.

food hygiene.

2. The Fruit of Hard Work

Have you heard the famous saying ‘work is worship’?

It tells us about the importance of hard work in life.

Let us read the story to learn how hard work leads to success.

Once there was an old farmer. He had a son. His son was very lazy. He spent most of his time in eating and sleeping. He did not do any work at all. He grew lazier day by day.

One day the farmer called his son and said, “Look, I shall give everything in charity. I shall not give you anything unless you earn one hundred rupees. For that I give you three days’ time.”

His son went to one of his friends and borrowed a hundred rupee note from him. Then he spent the rest of the day in eating and sleeping. In the evening he came back home and gave the hundred rupee note to his father. He told his father, “Father, I have worked hard today and earned this hundred rupee note.”

The farmer took the note and threw it aside. “This note is not yours. You have not earned it,” he said. The son was not angry at all. He just smiled and walked away. The next morning he again borrowed a hundred rupee note from another friend and spent his time in eating and sleeping. When he returned home in the evening, he gave that note to his father.

His father took the note and again threw it aside. “This note is not yours. You haven’t earned the money yourself. You haven’t given up your bad habit yet.” The son was not angry but he was disappointed. He did not succeed in cheating his father.

At night his mother went to him. “My son, said she, you must really go to work now. If you work hard and give all you have earned to your father, he will believe you. You have only one day to prove your worth.”

The son took his mother’s advice. He went to work on his neighbour’s farm. He worked hard but he could get only twenty rupees that day. He came back home and gave the money to his father. Before he could throw the note, his son rushed up to him and snatched the note from his hand.

He asked, “Why do you want to throw it away ? I have spent the whole day working in hot sun just to earn this money.” His father smiled and said, “I believe you now. At last you have earned this money yourself. I am very happy. Now you can take care of the real worth of hard earned money”.

And he gave all his property to him.

Glossary

charity: an organization that collects money to help the poor and the sick

earn: to get money by working

disappointed: sad because you did not succeed

worth: the value of somebody/something how useful it is

rush: to move with great speed

snatched: to take something with a quick rough movement

Activity I

Tick the correct alternative-

I) “At last you have earned this money yourself” is the remark made by -

a) the son

b) the mother c) the father

d) none of these

II) Who gave advice to the son?

a) mother

b) father

c) neighbours

d) none of these

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write T for

True and F for False in the given brackets.

i) The father believed his son when he gave him the hundred rupee note. ( )

ii) The son did as his mother advised him to do. ( )

iii) The father did not succeed in his efforts to teach his son a lesson. ( )

iv) At last the son began to earn money. ( )

v) We must not waste our time without work. ( )

C. Complete the following statements-

i) Once there was an…………………………………………

ii) The farmer took the note and threw………………………

iii) You haven’t given up your………………………….……

iv) You have only one day to…………………………………

v) The son took his……………………………………...……

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks by choosing suitable words from the box-

snatched, advice, earns, throw, believe, property

i) We should not …………………….rubbish into the river.

ii) People ………………that work is worship.

iii) A thief ………………my purse from my hand and ran away.

iv) Ravi ……………….his living by cooking food for others.

v) Sapna gave away all her ………………….for the welfare of the poor.

B. Match the words in column A with the words opposite in meaning in

column B -

A | B
lazy | evening
borrow | pleased
angry | active
morning | lend

Activity III

A. Read the following sentences.

1. The father has already taken the decision.

2. They have just earned the money.

3. I have recently visited the zoo.

The sentences given above are in the Present Perfect Tense. Now study the details of the tense given in the box-

‘Has’ is used with ‘Third person singular subjects’, as in sentence number one.

‘Have’ is used with ‘Plural subjects and I’, as in sentences number two and three.

‘Past participle form of the verb’ is used, as in sentences number one, two and three.

In the Present Perfect Tense, the action completes in the ‘recent past’ and has its effect upto the present.

Now, read a few more sentences which relate to the events that took place in the recent past.

i) I have already revised my lessons.

ii) She has just returned my book.

iii) You have just completed the letter, haven’t you?

iv) He has already seen the Hawa Mahal of Jaipur.

v) Ram and Shyam have already watered the plants.

The highlighted words are VERBS in PRESENT PERFECT TENSE.

B. Fill in the blanks by choosing one of the correct verbs given in the

box-

have given | have spent | has worked
have understood | has learnt | has asked

i) The father ………………………hard.

ii) The son …………………………a lot.

iii) I ……………………the whole day.

iv) You …………………the fruit of hardwork.

v) The boy …………………. the question.

vi) We ……………………..him the book.’

C. Change the following sentences as shown in the example-

Example - She has packed her luggage.

She has not packed her luggage.

i) They have finished their work.

ii) Kamini has fed her baby.

iii) I have typed their letter.

iv) She has seen the film.

v) I have revised my lessons.

vi) The teacher has advised the students.

D. Make questions as shown in the following example-

Example - Yes, I have taken lunch.

Have you taken lunch?

i) Yes, the teacher has taught this lesson.

ii) No, he hasn’t written the answers.

iii) Yes, the students have learnt the difficult words. iv) No, the girls haven’t taken dinner.

v) Yes, Laxmi has painted the picture.

Activity IV

Speak the following words. The teacher speaks the words and the students follow her/him-

day-die | play-ply
bait-buy | wait-white
say-sigh | hate-height
fate-fight | late-light
lay-lie | rate-right

Activity V

A. You must have heard people saying ‘Duty is Divine’. Do you try to execute this principle in your life. Write in your diary the activities that you were assigned to: out of these activities how many were completed and how many remained incomplete.

Diary writing is a very personal form of writing. When we want to record our feelings and whatever happened in the day, or a particular event, we write it in a diary. Remember to follow the following steps while writing a dairy.

Day and Date: e.g. Monday, 2 October, 2016

Opening: e.g. Dear Diary

Introduction: Could be general comment on how the day was, eg. Today was a great day! or Today was a boring day.

Body: It is the main part of the diary entry. You could describe what happened to you or your personal feelings about something or someone. You could also write about your future plans in this part.

Conclusion: Diary entry can be concluded with comment about the day, e.g. ‘It was overall an exciting day’ or the situation at that moment, e.g. ‘I am really tired now after a long day’.

Closing: e.g. Bye, till the next time, etc.

Closing: e.g. Bye; till the next time.

3. The Smart Village

Where do people throw the waste in your area?

Is there a dustbin near your house?

How do you keep your classroom clean?

Here is a lesson telling us about how the village named Vatika protected its environment. Read the story carefully.

Once two farmers, Ram and Ghanshyam, decided to leave their village to find better work elsewhere. Early one morning both of them left for the town nearby. Ram and Ghanshyam had been walking for nearly six hours when they reached the village of Vatika.

The village was green and clean. They were surprised to see cube-shaped structures on the roofs of all the houses there.

Ram and Ghanshyam decided to enter a house and find out what these structures were. As they went closer, they were surprised to find that the walls of the houses were not made of mud but of something else. As they walked further, they saw a big field. In the field they were very surprised to see huge fans.

They came towards the field and noticed an old man. They went up to him and asked him, “What are these strange things?”

The old man happened to be Hari, the Sarpanch of the village. He told them, “The fans you see are actually windmills, used to trap the wind energy. With the help of windmills, electricity is produced which is used for our street lights. Come, I will show you around.”

The Sarpanch explained to them that the houses were constructed with ash bricks. These were different from the usual material used for making regular bricks. Ash bricks, he said, were made with the ash left over after waste was burnt. The strange cube-shaped structures on them were used to generate electricity from sunlight, which was then used to light up houses.

The Sarpanch then invited Ram and Ghanshyam for dinner to his house.

They were amazed to see that the food in his house was being cooked not on wood or a coal fire, but on a gas stove. Hari explained that gas used for cooking was biogas. It was made from the cowdung at the biogas plant in the village. Ram and Ghanshyam were also surprised to see that his house had lights that came on the touch of a switch.

Ram and Ghanshyam asked the Sarpanch to tell them how his village was so modern.

Hari told them a true story. Many years ago, there was a village next to their village, called Harpur. Like all villagers, the people of Harpur too cooked on wood and coal fires and cut down trees. Finally there came a day when not a single tree was left in the village of Harpur, and the air was thick with smoke. Gradually, all the fertile soil of the village got washed away as there weren’t any trees to hold the soil. The inhabitants of Harpur had to sadly leave their village and settle elsewhere.

“That’s when we decided that our village shouldn’t suffer a similar fate,” he concluded. And so we started learning new methods of caring for the environment. The result of our hard work is before you!”

Ram and Ghanshyam were happy to spend the night in the smart village of Vatika.

Glossary

cube: a solid shape that has six equal square sides 

windmill: a tall structure with long blades that turn around in the wind trap: to catch or store something

fertile: soil in which plants grow well inhabitant: a person that lives in a place

structures: the parts of something that are put together construct: to build or make something

amazed: very surprised

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative-

I. Ram and Ghanshyam decided to leave the village to

a) find work somewhere

b) see places

c) start a business

d) join the Army

II. They were surprised when they reached the village Vatika because

a) there were no trees

b) there were no people

c) there were strange cube-shaped structures and huge fans.

d) there was no food.

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write T for True and F for False in the given brackets.

i) The Vatika village was green and clean. ( )

ii) The fans you see are actually windmills. ( )

iii) The houses were constructed with the mud bricks. ( )

iv) The solar panels on the rooftops generated electricity from sunlight. ( )

v) Ram and Ghanshyam were not happy to spend the night in the smart village. ( )

C. Complete the following statements-

i) Hari explained that the gas used for cooking ………………………

ii) And so we started learning new methods of caring for ………….

iii) The people of Harpur too cooked on wood and coal fires and ...........

iv) The old man happened to be Hari, the………...………………

v) Bio gas was made from the cow dung at the bio gas ......…………

Activity II

A. Let’s play with words. Look at the word ‘teacher’ and see how many words you can make from the word.

The word is ‘Teacher’. Let’s explore this word.

B. In pairs, now try to make as many words as possible with the word

‘surprise’. Try and find the meanings of the words you have made.

Activity III

A. Look at the sentences below taken from the story and notice how the word ‘which’ is used to join two s3 entences-

With the help of windmills electricity is produced, which is used for the street lights.

The sentence above can be written as-

With the help of windmills electricity is produced. Electricity is used for the street lights.

Let’s read one more sentence

Ram and Ghanshyam, who left their village, reached Vatika. This can be written as

Ram and Ghanshyam left their village. They reached Vatika.

Relative Pronouns help to join sentences. They help us to avoid repetition.

Some of the commonly used relative pronouns are who, whom, whose, which, that

B. Use the word given in brackets to combine these sentences-

a. Kailash is from Harpur. Kailash is a good painter. (who)

b. The children were eating bananas. The bananas were green. (which)

c. Sneha is the girl. I spoke to you about Sneha. (whom)

d. They met a man. He was the village Sarpanch. (who)

e. The solar panels were used to generate electricity from the sunlight.The electricity is then used to light up houses. (which)

Activity IV

Look at the picture below and describe it to your friend. You may use the following clues-

This is a shop

Tea shop / Dhaba

One person is speaking on the mobile phone

There are ……..

Activity V

A. Look around the area where your house is located. Find how electricity and water are used, and how waste is disposed of. Write a short paragraph of six sentences on your observations.

B. Given below is a poster on saving energy. Read it carefully and talk about it with your friend.

C. Can you now design a poster on saving energy/electricity? You can make the poster using English and your mother tongue too.

4. Clean India: Our Role

You must be aware of the drainage system and the system of cleanliness that make ‘Indus Civilization’, the most glorious civilization of the world. The following text describes the importance of cleanliness in our life.

Now read this story to find out what Kabir and Kamal think to contribute for cleaning India.

“Why is there so much dirt in our country?” Kabir asked Kamal.

“We do not pay the due attention to keep India clean,” replied Kamal.

“What can I, as a citizen, do?” asked Kabir.

Kamal said, “We can do the following things.”

We should put the domestic garbage into the roadside public dustbins.

We should keep the public road clean in front of our house.

We should devote one hour to community cleanliness every Sunday or on a holiday.

We should avoid littering public places.

We should refrain from spitting on walls, footpaths and roads.

We should avoid urination and defecation in the open.

What shouldn’t I, as a citizen, do?’ asked Kabir.

Kamal said, ‘We shouldn’t do the following things.’ We shouldn’t throw garbage on roads

We shouldn’t litter bus and train coaches with nut-shells and other garbage.

We shouldn’t use plastic carry bags.

We shouldn’t stick posters on walls.

We shouldn’t throw away the food leftovers.

Hasn’t the government of India started an action plan for cleaning India? asked Kabir.

Kamal said, “Oh! yes, the government of India has started the ‘Swachha Bharat Abhiyan.’ The rural and urban India is to be made clean in the coming five years.

“If we all citizens follow the above ‘dos’ and ‘don’ts, we can contribute to clean India,” said Kabir.

kamal said, “Yes, I hope students and citizens will do their best to ensure clean India.”

Glossary

garbage: waste food, paper, etc. that you throw away

domestic: connected with home

devote: to give most of time, energy and attention

litter: to throw pieces of paper, rubbish, garbage, etc.

refrain: to stop yourself doing something

urination: the act of passing urine from the body

defecation: the act of getting rid of solid waste from human body through human bowels

leftovers: food that has not been eaten

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative

i) Which Plan has the Govt. of India started for cleaning India?

a) Daksha Bharat Abhiyan

b) Vriksha Bharat Abhiyan

c) Swachha Bharat Abhiyan

d) None of these

ii) ‘What can I, as a citizen, do? ‘ is asked by - 1

a) Kamal

b) Narrator

c) Kabir

d) None of these

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write T for True and F for False in the given brackets.

i) We should put the domestic garbage into the roadside public dustbins. ( )

ii) We should avoid littering public places. ( )

iii) We should refrain ourselves from spitting on walls, footpaths and roads. ( )

iv) We should avoid urination and defecation in the open. ( )

v) We should make the public roads dirty. ( )

C. Complete the following statements-

i) We do not pay the due attention to keep ……......

ii) What can I, as a citizen, ……………...................................?

iii) The govt. of India has started the ………………....................

iv) The rural and urban India is to be made clean in the……………….

v) Citizens should follow the above …………...........................

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks by choosing suitable words from the box-

coaches | plastic | leftovers
garbage | posters |

i) We shouldn’t throw ………………. on roads.

ii) We shouldn’t litter bus and train …………….with nut-shells and other garbage.

iii) We shouldn’t use ……………….. carry bags.

iv) We shouldn’t stick ………………. on walls.

v) We shouldn’t throw away the food …………….. .

B. Fill in the missing letters-

i) cl_ _ning ii) w_st_

iii) g_rb_ge iv) c_ _ntry v) c_tiz _ n

vi) f_ _tpaths

Activity III

A. Read the following sentences and pay attention to the use of prepositions

i) Why is there so much dirt in our country?

ii) Put the domestic garbage into the roadside dustbins.

iii) Keep clean the public road in front of your house.

iv) Devote one hour to community cleanliness on every Sunday or a holiday.

v) Government of India has started an action plan for cleaning India.

vi) Do not litter bus and train-coaches with nut-shells.

In, into, at, on, for and with are prepositions.

Prepositions are usually placed before a noun or pronoun.

‘In’ is used with ‘place’ (within an area) as in the sentence number one above.

‘Into’ is used with ‘inside movement from outside’ as in sentence number two.

‘At’ is used with a definite small place, as in sentence number three.

On is used to indicate ‘surface’ as it is in the sentence number four. ‘On’ is also used with the ‘names of the days’.

‘For’ is used with ‘purpose’ as in sentence five above.

‘With’ is used to indicate ‘association’ as in sentence number six above.

Note: These prepositions express much more; you will study in detail about them in your higher classes.

Now fill in the following blanks choosing the correct one from the prepositions given at the end of the sentences -

i) People think that roads and open areas are meant ………… throwing waste materials. (at/for)

ii) Stop spitting ……………. walls. (with/on)

iii) India is to be cleaned ………………. the coming five years. (into/in)

Activity IV

A. Ask your friend to answer the following questions with the help of the hints given in the brackets-

I) What things are there in your bag? (Books)

ii) Who has fallen into the ditch? (A donkey)

iii) Who lives at a small village? (Mohan)

iv) What is on the table? (A lamp)

v) Who went for buying books? (Pooja)

vi) Who go with their parents? (Children)

Activity V

A. A notice about the celebration of the ‘Republic Day’ has been given below. Read the notice with your friend.

GOVERNMENT SR. SEC. SCHOOL, KHAJALPURA, JAIPUR NOTICE

6 January 2017

Names of the students for participation in the cultural programmes on the Republic Day 2017 are invited by 11 January. Contact the undersigned between 10 and 11 a.m. in the ‘Cultural Room.’

Preeti

Students’ Cultural Secretary

Now do the following:

B. Imagine you are the Students’ Sports Secretary of your school. Selection of Kabaddi team is to take place next week. Write a notice inviting the names of the students.

5. Homes

In pairs, discuss

What do we call the place we live in?

Do animals also have homes?

List the names of some animals and their homes.

Everybody has a home you, your friend, your teacher, the policeman, the Prime Minister, everybody. Animals too have homes and each home has its name. Listen to the poem……

I might have lived in a shell,
If I had been a snail.

or in a great wide tossing sea,
If I had been a whale.

Or in busy noisy hive,
If I’d been born a bee.

Or a bunny in a burrow,
Eating lettuce for my tea.

I might have had a kennel home,
If I had been a dog.

Or a mud hole in a river-bed,
Had I been a frog.

I might have been a little bird,
And lived in a nest.

But oh! I am glad I am just a child,
I think my home is the best.

Anonymous

Glossary

shell: the hard outer part of peanuts, eggs, some seeds or animals toss: throw something lightly.

noisy: making a lot of noise.

burrow: a hole in the ground made by certain animals like rabbits, etc.

lettuce: a plant with large green leaves used in salad.

snail: a type of animal with a soft body and no legs bunny: a rabbit

kennel: a small house for a dog.

mud: soft, wet earth.

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative -

1) Where does a snail live?

a) in a burrow

b) in a kennel

c) in a nest

d) in a shell

II) Who lives in a burrow?

a) a dog

b) a child

c) a whale

d) a bunny

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write T for True and F for False in the given brackets.

I) I might have been a little bird. ( )

II) I am glad I am just a child. ( )

III) Or in a busy noisy hive if I’d been born a bee. ( )

IV) Or a mud hole in a river bank had I been a frog. ( )

V) I might have lived in a snail. ( )

C. Complete the following statements-

1) I think my home ……. . . . .. . . .. ...............................………….. II) I might have lived ………………….............................................

D. Your teacher has read out the poem for you. Read the poem with your friend and write the names of the animals/birds/ insects you meet in the poem and their homes.

Animal Home

a. snail shell

b. .................... ....................

c. .................... .....................

d. .................... .....................

e. .................... .....................

f. .................... .....................

g. .................... .....................

Activity II

A. Read the poem again with your friends. Notice that the last words of the lines 2 and 4;6 and 8;10 and 12 and so on, rhyme together.

Find and write the rhyming words here

a. snail............ whale............

b. .................... .....................

c. .................... .....................

d. .................... .....................

e. .................... .....................

B. Find words in your language for the homes of the animals and birds you have come across in the poem. Discuss them with your friend.

Write them on a chart and display it in the classroom.

Activity III

A. Rearrange the following jumbled words to make meaningful sentences. The first one has been done for you -

Example: is/whale/a/this

This is a whale.

i) might have /I/ a shell/lived in

ii) is/This/a/bee

iii) could have/I/been/a dog

iv) lives/in a/A bunny/burrow

v) A whale/sea/in a/lives

vi) in a/A child/home/lives

Do you notice a pattern in the sentences you have made?

Activity IV

A. Recite the poem with expression. Remember to keep the beat (rhythm) of the poem. Notice that the same lines sound the same way. This helps to keep the beat and focus on a particular point.

6. Maharana Pratap

Rajasthan is known for its valour and sacrifices.

Is there anyone amongst you who has not heard of Maharana Pratap?

The text that follows, describes Maharana Pratap, the great king of Mewar, Rajasthan.

Let’s read:

Maharana Pratap (or Pratap Singh) was born in Kumbhalgarh Fort of Mewar on 9

Maharana Pratap
(1540-1597)

May 1540 (3rd day of the Jyeshta Shukla Phase-. This fort is 85 kms away from Udaipur city. He was the eldest son. His mother was Maharani Jayawantabai. His father was MaharanaUdai Singh II, the founder of Udaipur city.

Pratap Singh (Maharana Pratap) was brave and bold right from his boyhood. Both the courtiers and the public were proud of his qualities. He mastered the art of horse riding, weaponry and warfare tactics very early in his life.

Pratap Singh (Maharana Pratap) got married at the age of 17. His first wife was Ajabde Panwar. In 1559 he was blessed with his first son, Amar Singh.

In 1567 Pratap Singh (Maharana Pratap) was only 27 when the Mughal forces captured Chittor. The entire royal family left for Gogunda. Pratap wanted to fight against the Mughal but the elders somehow convinced him not to do so.

When Udai Singh II died in 1572, he appointed his son, Jagmal, as his successor before his death. The royal courtiers and senior nobles did not accept it. They crowned Pratap Singh as the next Maharana in Gogunda.

Maharana Pratap never accepted Akbar as the king of India. Akbar, therefore, decided to capture Mewar. He sent his Army General, Raja Maan Singh of Jaipur to overcome Chittorgarh. Maan Singh had a larger army than that of Maharana Pratap. Maharana’s army waited for the Mughal army at the narrow Haldighati pass. It was the only route to Gogunda.

The battle was fought on 18th June 1576. Maharana Pratap and his army fought bravely. He and his favourite horse Chetak were wounded. Maharana’s men forced him to leave the battle field. The Mughal army also decided not to fight in the hills. With the help of Bhamashaha, Maharana Pratap re organised his army. He recaptured much of the lost territories of Mewar.

Maharana Pratap died of injuries sustained in a hunting accident at Chavand on 29 January 1597 at the age of 57.

Pratap Gaurav Kendra has been built beautifully in Udaipur to glorify the legendary life of Maharana Pratap. People can go there and see it free of cost.

Glossary

weaponry: all the weapons of a particular type

warfare: the activity of fighting a war.

capture: to take control of something.

convince: to persuade somebody to do something.

accession: the act of taking a very high position, especially as a ruler of a country

successor: a person that comes after somebody and takes his place

courtier: a person who is part of the court of a king

noble: a person who belonged to the highest social class.

crown: to put a crown on the head of a new king. sustained: suffered

Activity I

A Tick the correct alternative

1) Maharana Pratap was born in

a) 1640

b) 1440

c) 1540

d) 1740

2) The name of MaharanaPratap’s horse was

a) Pawan

b) Ramprasad

c) Chetak

d) None of the above

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write T for True and F for False in the given brackets.

i) Udaipur was founded by Udai Singh II ( )

ii) Pratap Singh was brave and bold right from his boyhood. ( )

iii) Mughal forces captured Chittor in 1567 ( )

iv) The great battle of Haldighati was fought on 18 February 1576 ( )

v) Maharana Pratap died in the battle field. ( )

C. Complete the following statements-

i) Kumbhalgarh Fort is 85 kms away from ……………………

ii) Both the courtiers and the public were proud ………………

iii) The entire royal family left …………………………………

iv) The royal courtiers and senior nobles crowned Pratap Singh as the ……………………………………………………….

v) Maharana Pratap never accepted Akbar as the ………………

D. Answer the following questions in 10-15 words each -

i) Who was the son of Maharani Jaywantabai and Udai Singh II?

ii) At what age did Maharana Pratap marry?

iii) When did Udai Singh II die?

iv) Who was the Army General of the Mughal army?

v) Do you find Maharana Pratap a great king?Give two reasons.

Activity II

A. Fill in the following blanks by choosing the correct word from the box given below -

fight | nobles | crowned
blessed | larger | riding

i) He mastered the art of horse ………, weaponry and warfare tactics.

ii) Mughal army was ………. than Maharana Pratap’s army.

iii) In 1559, he was ………with his first son, Amar Singh.

iv) Pratap wanted to …………….against the Mughal.

v) The royal courtiers and senior …………did not accept it.

vi) They …………. Pratap Singh as the next Maharana.

B. Complete the following statements:

i) Udai Singh II appointed Jagmal as his …………………..

ii) Maharana’s army waited for the Mughal army at the Haldighati……………….......................................................

iii) Maharana Pratap and his army fought ……………...............

iv) Maharana Pratap and his horse suffered …………................

v) Mughal’s army decided not to fight in the …………………

vi) With the financial help of BhamaShaha, Maharana Pratap re organised his ………….

C. Match the words in column A with their meanings in column B:

A | B
1. warrior | take by force
2. capture | persuade someone to do something
3. successor | a brave fighter
4. crown | suffered something unpleasant
5. sustained | a person that succeeds another
6. convince | formally declare someone to be a king

Activity III

Look at the following sentences -

1. Maharana Pratap mastered the art of weaponry.

2. They crowned Pratap Singh as the next Maharana.

3. Maharana Pratap was the eldest son of Maharana Udai Singh II.

These are Affirmative Sentences.

In these sentences, the actions/events happened in the past.

The bold verbs are the simple past tense form (or the second forms of the verb).

The past of verb ‘be’ is was/were.

Read a few more sentences which indicate that the actions/events took place in the past

1. Last year, we were in 5th class.

2. I attended the class yesterday

3. Priti bought a new frock last week.

4. Neha came here an hour ago.

Were, attended, bought, came are the verbs in the simple past tense.

Last year, yesterday, last week, an hour ago, etc indicate past time.

A. Now fill in the blanks by choosing the correct verbs given in the box below:

left | was | accepted
had | were | re captured

i) He ………….much of the lost territories of Mewar.

ii) Maharana Pratap ……… brave and bold.

iii) Mughal Army General ………….. larger army than that of Pratap.

iv) Maharana Pratap never …………..Akbar as the king of India.

v) Both the courtiers and the public………… proud of his qualities.

vi) The entire royal family…… for Gogunda.

B. Write the Present Tense of the following verbs used in the text that you have read -

Example: was is

i) were …………….

ii) married …………….

iii) convinced …………….

iv) had ………….....

v) fought …………….

vi) left ………….....

C. Now, write 5 things you did yesterday after going back home from school (Remember to use the Simple Past Tense).

1. ………………………………………………………………....

2. ………………………………………………………………....

3. ………………………………………………………………....

4. ………………………………………………………………....

5. ………………………………………………………………....

D. Fill in the following blanks with the correct Simple Past Tense form of the verbs given in the brackets below:

i) His first wife ……….(be) Ajabde Panwar.

ii) Pratap …………(want) to fight against the Mughal

iii) Maharana Udai Singh II ……………(die) in 1572.

iv) Akbar ………….(send) Raja Maan Singh to attack Mewar.

v) Maharana Pratap’s army…….. (wait) for the Mughal army at Haldighati.

Activity IV

A. The teacher reads out the following paragraph. Listen to him carefully and answer the questions that follow

India produced great personalities and patriots. They include Maharana Pratap, Mahatma Gandhi, Shivaji, Swami Vivekanand, Deendyal Upadhayaya, Dr. Shayma Prasad Mukherjee and so on. Maharana Pratap was a great king. Mahatma Gandhi made the British quit India. Shivaji was a great patriot. Swami Vivekanand proved the supremacy of Indian way of life in the United States of America. Deendayal Upadhayaya and Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee were also great patriots.

a. Who was a great king?

i) Mahatma Gandhi

ii) Swami Vivekanand iii) Maharana Pratap

iv) Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukharjee

b. Swami Vivekanand proved the supremacy of the

i) British way of life

ii) Asian way of life

iii) European way of life

iv) Indian way of life

B. In pairs, say these words aloud:

key | bee | meal | teach
sit | hit | silk | dip
set | red | get | beg
bat | bad | had | hat
last | father | arm | past
ball | caught | taught | fought
full | wool | good | foot

Activity V

You are impressed and inspired by the bravery of Maharana Pratap. You would like to write a letter to your friend about him.

Write the letter using the following format-

21, Pratap Nagar

Jaipur

24 September 20

Dear Asha

I am well and good here. And I hope you to be the same there.

Today, my school teacher taught us a lesson on Maharana Pratap. I was inspired by the patriotism of Maharana Pratap after I finished reading the lesson. I would like to share my thoughts with you on him.……………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………................hope you would like to read more about this great king.

With best wishes

Your loving friend

Anju

7. Know me: I am your Capital City

What is the name of our state?

Which is the capital city of Rajasthan?

Let us know our capital city, Jaipur.

I am your capital city. My name is Jaipur. It is after the name of my founder Raja Jai Singh II. I was founded in 1727. I am popularly known as pink city. It is because of the stone used for the construction of all the structures. I was first painted in pink colour in 1857 to welcome the first visit of the prince of Wales. I was repainted in 1876 during his second .,visit.

I was planned according to BhartiyaVastu Shastra by a Bengali architect, Vidyadhar Bhattacharya. The directions of each road, street and market are East to West and North to South. There is a rampart around me. There are seven gates to enter the city.

I am connected with all the parts of Rajasthan and India by air, road and rail network.

In 2011 I had a population of more than thirty five lakh.

Hawamahal

Jantar-Mantar

Albert Hall Museum

Amber Fort

Birla Mandir

I am the 10th largest city of India as per the census of 2011. I have a semi arid climate. Most of the rainfall occurs in the monsoon months.

I have several tourist places. Some of them are;Ccity place, JantarMantar, Hawamahal, Albert Hall Museum, Ramniwas Garden Zoo, Amber Fort Jaigarh,

Rajasthan Vidhansabha

Raj Bhawan

Secretariat

The State Government rules the state from here. There is the Raj Bhawan for the Governor. The secretariat is for the offices of the Chief Minister, Other ministers and the administrative officers. There is the Vidhan sabha for People’s Representatives.

The Jaipur Municipal Corporation is responsible for maintaining civic infrastructure and carrying out administrative duties. It has a Mayor, a Deputy Mayor and the office bearers.

Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the nodal government agency responsible for my planned and sustainable development.

The High Court Bench and the other courts provide justice to the people.

Director General of Police

The offices of Director General of Police (DGP), Commissioner, IGP, SP, etc. ensure my security.

Rajasthan Vishvavidhyalaya

SMS Hospital

Gems and Jewellery

Print Industry

I am the centre of education, health facilities, gems and jewellery (business) and industrial development.

Jaipur Metro is the latest feather in my crown.

Glossary

architect: a person who designs buildings

rampart: a broad wall with walking way, built to defend a town, etc. census: an official count of a population.

semi arid: moderately dry

sustainable: avoiding using up natural resources that can be continued

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative 1

1) Which of the following tourist place does not belong to Jaipur?

a) Pratap Gaurav Kendra

b) Hawamahal

c) Govind Devji Temple

d) Ram Niwas Garden Zoo

2) Which mode of public transport do we find most comfortable and fastest in Jaipur?

a) Mono rail

b) City buses

c) Metro rail

d) None of the above

B. Say whether the following statements are ‘True’ or ‘False’. Write ‘T’ for ‘True’ and ‘F’ for ‘False’ in the given brackets.

i) Jaipur is connected by air, road, rail and waterways. ( )

ii) Population of Jaipur is growing fast. ( )

iii) Governor is the constitutional head of the state government. ( )

iv) The Mayor is the first citizen of the city having a Municipal Corporation. ( )

v) Jaipur has an arid climate. ( )

C. Complete the following statements-

i) I was founded in…………………………………………………

ii) I am popularly known as the ……………………...……………

iii) I have several tourist ………………………………………….....

iv) There is Raj Bhawan for the ……………………………………..

v) There is Vidhansabha for People’s ……………………………..

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks with words from the box -

rampart | rainfall | justice
centre | capital | architect

i) I am your ……………………………………….city.

ii) I was planned by a Bengali……………………

iii) There is a ………………………….around me.

iv) Most of the ………………………………occurs in the monsoon months.

v) Courts provide………………………to the people.

vi) I am the …………………………….of education and health facilities.

B. Give one word for the following.

i) The home of a king or queen: p……………………….

ii) A place where wild animal are kept for the public to see: z……………..

iii) A group of people elected to govern a particular city:c…………..

iv) A building where collections of valuable and interesting objects are kept and shown to the public: m ……………

v) A circular object of gold and jewels that a king or queen wears on the head: c…………..

Activity III

Compare the sentences in each of the following pairs

Raja Jai Singh founded me in 1727.

I was founded in 1727 by Raja Jai Singh. Vidyadhar Bhattacharya planned wide roads.

Wide roads were planned by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya.

1. The first sentences in each pair is in active voice.

2. The second sentence in each pair is in passive voice.

3. The active voice sentences and the passive voice sentences are in simple past tense.

4. In the active voice, the grammatical subject is the doer of the action.

5. The passive voice tells what is done to the subject of the sentence.

B. Active Voice

The painters | painted | Jaipur | in pink colour.
Subject | active voice verb | object | adverbial
(doer or agent) |  |  |

Passive Voice

Jaipur | was painted | in pink colour | by | the painters
subject | passive voice verb | adverbial | by | object
|  |  |  | (doer or agent)

The object of the active voice is made the subject of the passive voice.

Was or were is used as a helping verb in the passive voice

Past participle form (third form) of the verb is used in the passive voice.

The subject of the active voice is made the object of the passive voice (if needed) after ‘by’.

Adverbial is written ‘as it is’ in the passive voice, usually after the object.

Now change the following sentences into the passive voice-

1. Raja Jai Singh II named the city Jaipur.

2. The king welcomed the prince in Jaipur.

3. The kings of Jaipur built several forts.

4. The architect planned the markets well.

5. The masons used stones in construction.

Activity IV

Look at the picture given below. Describe it to your friends.

You may use the following clues-

There is a crow.

He is thirsty.

He finds the water in the bottom of the pitcher

He drops pebbles into it, and the water rises up in the pitcher

He drinks water

Activity V

Now write a story on a thirsty crow (using past tense) with the help of the pictures given above and its description you have listened to -

8. The Fire

Have you seen a building on fire?

Can it cause a loss of life and property?

What steps can we take to put out a fire?

Let us read the following conversation about the fire, its causes and the safety measures we should undertake.

[Lalita and Devendra were in Keshav market last Saturday. They are the students of sixth class. They had gone there to buy a dictionary and some books from a bookshop.]

“We have almost finished,” said Devendra. “Let us go home back.”

“Wait a minute’ said Lalita,” She pointed at a group of people. They were standing on a pavement. Some of them were pointing at a large building. It was a hotel.

“I can see some smoke’ said Lalita. ‘The hotel is on fire. We should make a phone call for help.”

Lalita took out her mobile phone. She dialed 101, the phone number of the fire fighting service.

After a few seconds a voice said, “ Fire fighting service here. Where is the fire?”

‘”There is a fire in Keshav market,” said Lalita to the man. “The hotel is on fire. Please send a fire engine quickly.”

“Thank you very much for the phone call,’ said the man’ We are sending some fire engines to put out the fire.You are a good girl. You have tried to help us. Please tell me your name and the name of your school.”

Lalita told the fireman her name and the name of her school. The fire engine arrived in fifteen minutes and put out the fire. Most of the furniture was burnt but luckily there was no loss of life.

‘”What can be the causes of a fire?” said Lalita to the fire brigade officer.

The fire brigade officer said, “A burning matchstick, a spark from a firewood stove, a burning bidi or cigarette, a short circuit because of the use of low quality electric wires and equipments, over heating of electrical appliances, a leaking gas cylinder, nearness of petrol and diesel with fire, firing of crackers, etc. can be the major causes of a fire.”

“What steps should we take to put out a fire,” Lalita said to the fire brigade officer.

The fire brigade officer replied that we should not throw a burning matchstick, bidi, cigarette, cracker, etc. here and there. We should use standard electrical equipments and appliances. We should keep our gas cylinder in safe condition.

We should keep the highly inflammable things away from fire. We should keep a fire extinguisher.

We should switch off the main switch in the case of electric fire. And we should throw only sand over it and not water in any condition.

Lalita thanked the fire brigade officer and returned home with Devendra. She was very happy when she got a prize on the Republic Day.

Glossary

pavement: footpath

appliances: devices designed to perform a specific task

inflammable: easily set on fire extinguisher: a device to put out a fire

short circuit: a faulty connection in an electrical circuit

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative

I. Which of the following should we throw to put out the electric fire?

a) Water b) Stone c) Sand d) None of the above

II. Lalita got a prize on the Republic Day because

a) She helped to put out the fire.

b) She was an intelligent student.

c) She saw the hotel on fire.

d) None of the above.

B. Say whether the following statements are ‘True’ or ‘False’. Write ‘T’ for ‘True’ and ‘F’ for ‘False’ in the given brackets.

i) The bookshop was on fire. ( )

ii) Lalita made a call from the landline phone. ( )

iii) The phone number of the fire fighting service is 101. ( )

iv) Overheating of the electrical appliances can cause a fire. ( )

v) We should keep the gas cylinder in safe condition. ( )

C. Complete the following statements

i) They were standing on a …………………………………........... ii) Please send a fire engine……………………....................…...…. iii) You are a good……………………………………………....……. iv) Luckily there was no loss of ……………………………...........… v) We should use standard electrical equipments and ……………….

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks by choosing suitable words from the box-

matchstick | crackers | inflammable
spark | smoke | prize

i) “ I can see………………, said Lalita.

ii) A burning …………………………can cause a fire.

iii) Keep the highly ……………………………things away from a fire.

iv) Lalita got a ………………………………..on the Republic Day.

v) A …………………………..from a firewood stove can cause a fire.

vi) Firing of …………………….can be the cause of a fire.

B. Match the words in column ‘A’ with the words opposite in meaning in column ‘B’

A | B
sell | loss
bad | major
profit | happy
minor | buy
sad | good

Activity III

Compare the sentences in each of the following pairs

Lalita said to the man, “ There is a fire in Keshav market. Lalita told the man that there was a fire in Keshav market. Lalita said, “ People are standing there.

Lalita said that people were standing there.

The first sentence in each pair is in ‘direct speech’.

The second sentence in each pair is in indirect speech.

Direct speech is placed between inverted commas.

The first word of the direct speech is capitalized.

The reporting verb is cut off by a comma.

The above ‘direct speeches’ are in assertive sentences.

In the conversion of assertive sentences, the reporting verb ‘said’ is changed into ‘told’ (if it has an object) and the preposition ‘to’ is dropped.

Conjunction ‘that’ is used.

Comma and inverted commas are dropped.

The initial letter of the first word of the direct speech is made small in the indirect speech.

Present tense is changed with its corresponding past tense.If the reporting verb is in the past tense.

Now convert the following sentences into indirect speech

i) Devendra said, “ The shopping has almost finished.

ii) Lalita said to Devendra, “ A hotel is on fire.

iv) People said to the fireman,“ There is no fire extinguisher in the hotel.

v) The fireman said, “ Lalita is a good girl.

vi) Devendra said to Lalita, “ A fire engine works fast.

Activity IV

In groups of four, read out the following pairs of words and find the difference in sounds. Your teacher will help you in case of any difficulty -

share | chair | sheet | cheat
shin | chin | ship | chip
sheep | cheap | shop | chop
cash | catch | dish | ditch
mush | much | wash | watch
hush | hutch | swish | switch

Activity V

What steps should we take to put out a fire? Write six sentences about it.

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9. Folk Dances of Rajasthan

Name the dance/dances performed in your area?

Can you name some of the folk dances of Rajasthan?

Let us learn about the folk dances of Rajasthan.

The folk dances of Rajasthan are inviting and engaging. They are bound to induce you to tap a foot or two along with the dancers. Rajasthani dances are essentially folk dances. Their origin is in rural customs and traditions. These traditional dances of Rajasthan are absolutely colourful and lively. They have their own significance and style. They are attractive and skilful. They are enjoyed by every age group. Some popular folk dance forms of Rajasthan are given here.

Ghoomar Dance

This is the most popular folk dance form of Rajasthan. This is basically a community dance for women. They perform it during auspicious events and occasions. The name ‘The Ghoomar’ is derived from the word ‘Ghoomna’ which means ‘gracefully gyrating’.

The women dancers cover their faces with a veil. They dance while singing traditional songs. They perform circular movements which display the spectacular colours of their flowing ‘ghaghras’

Kalbelia Dance

This ancient folk dance form is performed by the women of the Kalbelia community. Its dance movements are similar to the movements of the serpent. Hence, the costumes are of black colour.

Women dance on the music produced by the ‘bean’ (a musical instrument).

Chari Dance

This dance form is performed by colourfully dressed women with ‘Chari’ (water pot) on the head. The ‘Chari’ has burning lamp or cotton seeds. The dancers perform several graceful movements. They do not touch the ‘Chari’ with hands.

Bhavai Dance

This dance basically involves women dancers. They balance eight to nine brass pitchers on their heads. They dance softly and twirl softly. They do all this while balancing themselves on the edge of a sword or on a glass.

Gair Dance

The Gair dance is basically a tribal dance. It is performed by both men and women during Holi festival. The dress is basically a long tunic that opens out as a skirt. The dance beats are given by sticks. The ‘geendad dance’ of shekhawati is somewhat similar to it.

TerahTaal/Taali

The ‘TerahTaal/Taali’ (thirteen beat) dance is a musical dance. It is performed by women. The dancers place ‘manjeeras’ (little brass discs) at thirteen places on their body. Their male accompanists sing and play ‘Tandoora’. The women dance with fine movements which create a strong rhythm with ‘manjeeras’.

Walar Dance

The Walar is an important dance of Garasia tribe. It is somewhat similar to Ghoomar.

Gavri Dance

The most famous Bhil drammatical dance is the Gavri dance. It has a troupe which gives dance performance village to village for a month. Its nine functionaries follow a strict regimen. Between the enactment of various episodes, the entire troupe dances around a central spot consecrated to a deity.

Kathputli Dance

In Kathputlidance, puppets are made to dance by the puppeteer with the help of the strings tied to the puppets.

Glossary

induce: to make body to do something gyrating: moving in a circle spectacular: very impressive to see

twirl: to turn round and round quickly

troupe: a group of entertainers who tour to different places regimen: a regulated system of diet, exercise, etc.

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative-

i) In which dance does the dancer balance eight to nine brass pitchers on the head?

a) Chari dance

b) Ghoomar dance

c) Bhavai dance

d) Gavri dance

ii) The movements of which dance are similar to the movement of the serpents?

a) Ghumoor Dance

b) Walar dance

c) Gair dance

d) Kalbelia dance

B. Answer each of the following questions in 20-30 words-

i) What do you know about the Ghoomar dance?

ii) What similarity do you find in Chari and Bhavai dances?

iii) How is TerahTaal/Taali dance different from other dances in a special way?

iv) Why do you like Gavri dance? Give reasons.

v) Which of these dances do you like most and why?

Activity II

A. Match the following singular number in column ‘A’ with their plural number in column ‘B’

A | B
dance | knives
foot | stories
woman | boys
glass | glasses
story | women
boy | feet
knife | dances

B. Fill in the blanks with the opposite gender of the words given in brackets-

i) Ghoomar is basically a community dance for……………..(men)

ii) Their…………accompanists sing and play tandoora. (female)

iii) …………..students also enjoy Rajasthani folk dances. (Boy)

Activity III

A. Read the following sentences carefully-

1. Walar is an important dance of Garasia tribe.

2. Ghoomar dancers display beautiful movements of the body.

The words ‘important’ and ‘beautiful’ tell us more about the words ‘dance’ and ‘movements’. These words (important and beautiful) are called adjectives.

Now fill in the following blanks choosing the correct adjective from those given in the brackets at the end of the sentence-

i) You are my………. father. (bad/worse/dear)

ii) The Ghoomar is the most……….dance of Rajasthan. (popular/holy/ religious)

iii) The Gair is a……….dance. (national/tribal/global)

iv) The TerahTaal/Taali is a………..dance. (silent/mute/musical)

v) The Gavri is a……….dance. (drammatical/national/bad)

vi) The costumes in the Kalbelia dance are of ………..colour. (green/yellow/black)

Activity IV

Listen to the following paragraph read out by the teacher-

In India, dance is believed to have been conceived by Brahma. Brahma inspired the sage, Bharat Muni to write NatyaShastra(a treatise on performing arts). Bharat Muni used Pathya( words) from the Rigveda, Abhinaya (gestures) from theYajurveda,Geet (music) from the Samaveda and Rasa (emotions) from the Atharvaveda. Thus, he formed the Natyaveda.

Now, answer the following question orally-

i) Who is believed to have conceived about dance in India?

ii) Which treatise on performing arts was written by the sage, Bharat Muni?

iii) From which Veda did he take Pathya (words)?

iv) Who composed the Natyaveda?

v) What was taken from the Samaveda?

Activity V

Write a short paragraph on the ‘FolkDances of Rajasthan’

10. Words Never Die

Can we make the world a happy place by saying good words?

Don’t we make the world a sad place by saying bad words?

Do words ever  die?

Let us enjoy the following poem about ‘words’ and their role to make the world happy or sad.

A word can never be recalled.
It remains forever said.
As long as there is memory,
No word is ever dead.

Now careless words once spoken,
Can bring grief to a heart,
And often times in memory,
These words can never depart.

To make the world a sadder,
Or a happier place each day,
Is within the power of each of us,
By just the things we say,

Since words live for ever,
It’s up to you and me,
To see that what we say each day,
Makes the world a better place to be.

Glossary

recall: to ask to return, to remember something from the past

forever: for all time, permanently

grief: a feeling of great sadness memory: ability to remember things

depart: to leave a place

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative

1. Where do the ‘said words’ remain forever? 1

a) In the books

b) In our memory

c) In computer files

d) None of the above

2. Who makes the world a happy or sad place?

a) Each of us

b) None of us

c) Some of us

d) None of the above

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write ‘T’ for True and ‘F’ for false in the brackets.

i) A word can never be recalled. ( )

ii) No word is ever dead. ( )

iii) Carelessly spoken words can bring grief to a heart. ( )

iv) We can make this world a happy place. ( )

v) The poem advocates for the careful use of words in speech.   (  )  

C. Answer each of the following questions in 10-15 words.

i) What makes the words a better place?

ii) ‘It’s upto you and me? What does the poet mean by ‘you’ and ‘me’?

iii) Explain: ‘A word can never be recalled,’ It remains forever said.

iv) What message does the poet convey in this poem?

v) Find out and write down the rhyming words given in the poem.

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks by choosing suitable words from the box-

forever | depart | happy
memory | words | dead

i) Words can never ………………………..................................….

ii) Sweet or sour words remain in our……………………………….

iii) Words live on ……………………………………..................

iv) People make the world…………………….or sad.

v) …………………………….like arrows can’t be recalled.

vi) No word is ever………………………………................

Activity III

A. Read the following sentence carefully-

To make the world a sadder or a happier place each day. 3

‘happier’ and ‘sadder’ are comparative adjectives.

These have been formed by adding ‘er’ to the positive adjectives ‘ happy’ and ‘sad’.

Keep the rules of spellings in your mind while adding- er to the positive adjectives, i.e. ‘y’ has been changed into ‘i’ and ‘d’ has been doubled in happier and sadder respectively.

Change in spelling should take place only when it is needed.

Now fill in the following blanks with comparative adjectives. The positive adjectives are given in the brackets below-

i) A saint’s life is …………………(holy) than others.

ii) Laxmi is ………………………..(tall) than Lavina.

iii) Jaipur is ……………………………….(hot) than Mount Abu.

iv) Aruna is …………………………..(jolly) than Asha.

v) Anil’s work is ………………………..(neat) than Amit’s work.

vi) Ram and shyam are ……………………………………….(fat) than Ramakant and Ramesh.

Activity IV

Read out the poem, ‘Words Never Die’ to your friend and ask her/ him to read it out to you-

Activity V

There is a nonsense rhyme below. Recite it and then, compose such a rhyme yourself.

Inky-pinky ponky

Father had a donkey

The donkey died

Father cried

Inky-pinky ponky.

11. Road Safety

We see accidents on roads.

Should we pay attention to road safety?

Let us learn more about road safety.

We all use roads. We walk on them or drive our vehicles on them. We go across them or walk on the pavements along them.

In cities there are footpaths or pavements along the roads. Those who walk on them are called pedestrians. It is safe to use footpaths if we are walking.

Roads in big cities are very busy. They are crowded with all kinds of vehicles like buses, trucks, cars, three wheelers, motor cycles, scooters, bicycles, etc. Slow moving bullock carts, horse carriages, etc. can also be seen there. Walking or driving on such roads is always very risky. People in a hurry ignore the rules of the road and cause accidents. A lot of people die or get injured in such accidents everyday. The best way to avoid accidents is to obey the rules of the road.

Do you know the rules of the road? Do you always obey them?

Here are some rules of the road. We should follow them:

Always keep to the left while walking or driving.

Do not turn to either left or right before giving a signal.

Do not cross until the road is clear. Before crossing the road look to the right once again. If the road is clear cross it quickly but carefully.

While crossing the road go straight. Do not cross it at an angle.

Do not run while crossing. Walk fast but calmly. Watch out for cars or vehicles.

In big cities you must have seen black and white strips across the roads.

These are called zebra-crossing. If there is one, always use it to go across the road. It is safer to walk on it.

You must go by the traffic lights. Red light means ‘stop’. Yellow light means ‘ready to stop or move’. Green light means ‘move ahead’. It is safer to move when the traffic light turns green. If you ignore the traffic signals, you can be punished.

While driving or waiting at the traffic light do not blow horn unnecessarily. It disturbs others and also causes noise-pollution.

If you are driving a motor-vehicle, drive it at a reasonable speed.

Uncontrollable speed is dangerous and may cause accidents.

Always wear a helmet if you are driving or riding a motor cycle or a scooter.

Do not overtake any vehicle from its left side. Give signal to the driver and overtake from the right when the road is clear.

You can see the traffic policemen at crossroads. They give signals to control traffic. Follow their signals without making a mistake.

Be more careful in driving when it is raining. Roads become wet and slippery. Fast motor vehicles take longer to stop. People often rush carelessly because they don’t want to get wet. Sometimes they hold umbrellas also while driving. Chances of accidents are very high on such occasions.

If you have to board a bus, don’t try to get into it until the passengers have got off.

Do not get off a bus until it has stopped. After you have got off the bus, do not try to cross the road until the bus has moved off. Many people get hit by other vehicles when they step out onto the road from the bus.

Do not throw banana skins, pieces of broken glass or blades on the road.

They may cause injuries to pedestrians and damage vehicle tyres.

Do not ever use mobile phones while you are driving. Better to stop aside to use it safely. You can thus avoid accidents.

Do not stand in the middle of the road to talk to someone.

Do not park your vehicle at any place. Park it at the right place.

Do not burn the fire crackers on the road. Nor throw them on the road after burning them.

All of us should have a keen sense of road safety. It is the quality that we should have to be called educated, cultured and civilized.

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative

1. The people who walk on a pavement are called

a) guests

b) visitors

c) pedestrians

d) none of the above

2. Yellow light signal means

a) stop

b) move

c) ready to stop or move

d) none of the above

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write ‘T’ for True and ‘F’ for false in the brackets.

i) If you walk on a pavement you are safe. ( )

ii) The best way to avoid accidents is to ignore the traffic rules. ( )

iii) You can be punished if you cross the road when the light is green.( )

iv) Always overtake vehicles from their left. ( )

v) While crossing the road we should cross at an angle. ( )

vi) Banana skins, pieces of broken glass or blades on the road can cause injury. ( )

C. Read the following information carefully -

THE HIGHWAY CODE

1) Ride in a single file when the road or traffic conditions require it, and never more than two abreast.

2) Do not wobble about the road.

3) When traffic is held up, do not take risks by riding along the narrow space between vehicles.

4) Never ride close behind a moving vehicle, it may slow down or stop suddenly.

5) Do not hold on to another vehicle.

6) Make sure that your rear light and reflector are kept clean and are never obscured by your clothing or anything else.

Now complete each of these with a word used in the code above:

a) Single................means a single line of people, one behind the other.

b) Any cart, car or lorry is called a ..............................

c) Vehicles coming and going are called the ....................................... d) Cyclists should never ride more than ......................abreast.

e) The rear light must never be ........................by clothing.

f) When the roads are busy, ride in a ...............................file.

g) An instrument for reflecting light is called a ..............................

Activity II

A. Choose the appropriate words from the bracket and fill in the blanks: (footpath, traffic, accident, strips, occasion, disturb)

1. A tiger has long black .........................on its body.

2. Don’t .....................................................him. He is studying.

3. She is giving a party on the .........................of her birthday.

4. Arun has met with an ....................... .He is in hospital.

5. In small villages there is not much ...................on the roads.

B. Fill in the blanks with the suitable form of the words given in brackets:

1. What ............was given to the boys who stole the bicycle? (punish)

2. We should drive slowly on .....................roads.(crowd).

3. He is a well ...................................person. (educate)

4. I can’t buy it becauise its price is not ................(reason)

5. Shashi made this mistake because of her............................(ignore)

C. Write one word for the following group of words:-

1. a strong covering made of plastic or metal to protect the head of a motor cycle rider h.....................

2. a person travelling on foot path p...............................

3. any of a set of coloured lights used for controlling and directing traffic t.....................l..................

4. black and white stripped area on a road used by the people to cross the road. z..........................c...................................

Activity III

For each sentence in the first group (1-10), there is one of oppsite meaning in the second (a-j). Write out the second group in the same order as the first.

1. Always be punctual.

2. Queue on the pavement in a proper manner away from the road.

3. Do not push or rush for the door to get into the bus.

4. speak to the driver only when he is not driving or in an emergency.

5. Wait until the vehicle has completely stopped before alighting.

6. Allow the bus to move off before crossing the road.

7. Do not stick your hand or head out of the window while travelling.

8. If the vehicle breaks down or is involved in an accident, follow instructions given by the driver or teacher in charge.

9. If you find a suspicious object in the bus, immediately bring it to the attention of the teacher in charge or the driver.

10. You can stop unfortunate accidents from happening.

a) Run on to the road when you see the bus and try to board it in a hurry.

b) Chat with the driver throughout the journey to pass time.

c) Insist on crossing the road before the bus has moved away from the stop.

d) Always be late.

e) Wave out to your friends in a moving bus, stick out your head and feel the wind.

f) You are too young to do any thing about road accidents.

g) Do not be alert; if you see suspicious objects in the vehicle, mind your own business.

h) Push every body around you to get in first.

i) In case of an emergency, do not follow instructions. j) Jump off the vehicle before it stops completely.

Activity IV

Look at the following pictures and answer the questions orally

a) Which parts of his bike should a cyclist keep especially clean ?

b) What is the greatest number you may ride on a bike ?

c) What should the cyclist never do when traffic is held up?

d) Should you ever hold on to a moving lorry?

e) Why should you never ride close behind a fast-moving lorry?

Activity V

FOLLOW TRAFFIC RULES

Know the Directions

Study the above map carefully and answer the following question:

1. Radha’s house is in ..................................street.

2. Ms. Maya lives in .........................................street.

3. Mohan lives in ................................street.

4. Ravi lives next door to ...........................................

5. Ms. ...........................is Mr. Ravi’s neighbour.

6. Radha lives opposite the ...........................

7. The clock is on the corner of ...............street and .........................street.

8. The baker’s shop is in between the chemist and the ......................

9. Ms. ..................................lives opposite the sweet shop.

10. In Which street is the recreation ground?...................................

11. Who lives next to Mr. Ravi?.......................................................

12. Whose shop is next to the chemist’s?...........................................

13. Where does Ms. Maya live?.......................................................

14. Between which shops is the baker’s?..........................................

15. Where is the clock?.....................................................................

16. What is opposite Ms. Radha’s house?........................................

12. Punna Dhai: A Sacrifice for Motherland

Punna Dhai (The Loyal Nurse)

Whose picture is it?

Do you know something about the great sacrifice of her?

Let us read the following story to know more about Punna Dhai and her great sacrifice for her motherland.

Punna Dhai was the loyal maid of Rani Karnavati, wife of Maharana Sangram Singh (Rana Sanga) of Mewar. Before committing ‘Jauhar’, she called her little son Udai Singh’s faithful nurse and said, “Punna, my lord awaits me in ‘Heaven’. I entrust the future king of Mewar to your care. You will be his mother hereafter, not I. Promise me to protect him till he is able to rule his people.” Punna accepted the great responsibility with tears in her eyes. “He will be my son hereafter, oh queen!,” she said sobbingly.

Prince Vikramajit, an unworthy ruler, was already unpopular in Mewar.

The high spirited and brave men of Mewar could not tolerate his cruelity, insolence and injustice. They murdered him. Banbir, the son of Rana Sanga’s brother, Prithviraj, was then choosen to rule during the minority of ‘Prince, Udai Singh.’ He was both ambitious and cunning. He wanted the throne, so he decided to kill Udai Singh. He was neither noble nor kind. He awaited the approach of night to kill the child (Udai Singh).

Now the night had fallen. Little Udai Singh had just taken his food and gone to bed. Punna had just lulled him into deep sleep, suddenly she heard great uproar in the direction of the women’s quarters. An old maid-servant had just arrived to pick up the remains of the prince’s meal.

“What is the noise about?”, asked Punna anxiously.

“Banbir, the new ruler, is eager to siege the throne permanently for himself. He wants to murder the young prince, Udai Singh”,whispered the old women in a trembling voice.

Without wasting a moment, Punna took up the little prince. She hid him in a fruit basket. She covered the basket with leaves. She handed it to the woman. She ordered the woman, “Take it and hide it among the bushes of the river bed”. Then she put her own child in the place of Udai Singh. And she was just in time.

Banbir rushed inside the apartment almost the next moment. “Where is the Prince, Udai Singh?”, thundered Banbir.

With a painful heart she pointed to the cradle. With a broken heart she witnessed the cruel dagger thrust mercilessly into the tender body of her own son. Can you imagine her feelings at that time? She saved Udai Singh but sacrificed her son.

Nor could Punna stay to mourn her dead child. As soon as cruel Banbir left the hall, she ran to the river-bed. She carried Udai Singh far into mountains to a spot of safety. Thus Punna Dhai, the loyal nurse, fulfilled her promise to the departed queen.

What a great sacrifice of an unlettered maid-servant for motherland !

Glossary

jauhar: self-immolation of queens and female royals of the Rajput Kingdom when facing defeat at the hands of an enemy

entrust: handover for care

insolence: insulting behavior

ambitious: having a strong desire to have power, etc. anxiously: with uneasiness

mourn: to express grief

whispered: communicated in a low tone

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative:

1. Punna will always be remembered as a faithful nurse because-

a) She was loyal to the ruler, Banbir

b) She kept her promise to her queen, though at the cost of the life of her own son.

c) She brought up Udaya Singh with great care.

d) She killed Vikramajit

2. “Where is Prince Udai Singh?” this question was put by-

a) Banbir to the maid-servant.

b) Banbir to Punna.

c) Vikramajit to Punna.

d) Karnavati to Vikramajit.

3. The maid-servant informed Punna that Banbir wanted to-

a) kill Punna

b) arrest the maid-servant

c) murder Udai Singh

d) kill Punna’s son.

B. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Write ‘T’ for True and ‘F’ for false in the brackets.

i) Punna Dhai devoted her life to the service of her motherland. ( )

ii) Prince Vikramajit was a worthy ruler. ( )

iii) Banbir was both noble and kind. ( )

iv) It was decided that till Prince Udai Singh came of age, Banbir would be the ruler. ( )

v) Punna was Udai Singh’s faithful nurse. ( )

vi) Punna hid the prince in a fruit basket, covered with leaves and managed to send him to a safer place. ( )

vii) Punna had just put her own son in the place of prince Udai Singh when Banbir came in. ( )

C. Answer each of the following question in 20-30 words-

i) Who was Banbir and what was his ambition?

ii) What was the alarming news Punna got from the old maid-servant?

iii) How did Punna manage to send Udai Singh to a safe place?

iv) What qualities of head and heart are shown by Punna?

v) What great sacrifice did Punna make to save the prince?

vi) What was the cruel act witnessed by Punna?

vii) Why could Punna not stay to mourn the death of her own son?

Activity II

A. You have come across the words like hereafter, maid-servant, and river bed. These words are made by putting two words together- here+after, maid + servant and river + bed.

Find some more such words with your friend. Now join two words together from the box below to form a new word-

mother | bow
butter | pan
straw | fly
every | board
rain boat |
grass | where
sauce | berry
house | hopper
black | land

Activity III

A. Read the following sentences carefully-

i) Banbir was both ambitious and cunning.

ii) Banbir wanted the throne, so he decided to kill Udai Singh.

iii) Banbir was neither noble nor kind.

iv) Punna Dhai saved Udai Singh but sacrificed her son.

‘Both….and’, ‘so’, neither……nor’ and ‘but’ are co-ordinating conjunctions.

They generally connect sentence elements of the same grammatical class: e.g , nouns with nouns, adverbs with adverbs, phrases with phrases and clauses with clauses.

We use ‘both……and’ when we are talking about two persons, animals, places or things.

We use ‘so’ when we express something inferred from another statement or fact.

We use ‘neither……nor’ when we do not mean both.

We use ‘but’ when we express contrast between two statements.

Now fill in the blanks using ‘both……and’ , ‘neither…..nor’ , ‘so’ and ‘but’ wherever suitable-

i) Punna Dhai loved……..Udai Singh……….her motherland.

ii) Prince Vikramajit Singh was………..a good ruler……….a good son.

iii) Punna Dhai was loyal to Mewar ...........………..people respect her even today.

iv) Banbir was a ruler ................ he was a cruel man.

v) Punna Dhai was a common lady……………she performed a great sacrifice.

B. Read the following sentences carefully-

i) Carry this basket to the riverbed.

ii) Hide this basket among the bushes.

iii) Don’t be greedy like Banbir.

The above sentences are Imperative sentences.

The first two sentences are Positive Imperatives.

The last sentence is a negative Imperative.

Positive imperatives begin with the first form of the verb.

Negative Imperatives begin with ‘Don’t’ or ‘ Do not’.

These are used to give instructions and for prohibition.

Now fill in the blanks of the following imperative sentences choosing the correct verb from the box given below -

Enrich | Be | follow
Keep | show | lose

i) ……………..ready to sacrifice your life for your motherland.

ii) Don’t…………Banbir and Vikramajit Singh.

iii) ………….loyalty for your country as Punna Dhai showed.

iv) ………….your words at any cost as Punna Dhai did.

v) Don’t…………..courage even in adverse situations

vi) …………..your life like Punna Dhai.

Activity IV

Tell the class about your visit to a historical place -

Activity V

Write a short paragraph of 80 words on each of the following-

i) Heroism of Indian women ii) The heroes of Mewar

iii) Loyalty of Bhama Shah

13. The Computer

Today computers are being used not only in big factories, industries, shops and hotels but also in homes.

Do you know how a computer is made and how it works?

Let us accompany Anjali and Ankur who are going to visit a computer factory.

Mrs. Rani Singh, the neighbour of Anjali and Ankur, works in a computer factory. One morning Anjali and Ankur go to visit her in the factory. They are taken to a demonstration room where Mrs. Singh receives them.

Anjali: Good morning, aunty. Mrs. Singh: Good morning, children.

Anjali: Aunty, we hope we have not disturbed you.

Mrs. Singh: No, not at all. It’s a pleasure. Please, have your seat. What can I do for you?

Anjali: Well, aunty in fact we have come here to know about the Computers.

Mrs. Singh: Really! well, I would certainly like to help you. (pointing to a computer) Look, this is one. It is nothing more than, grains of sand. These grains of sand are called ‘silicon’. These form the base for thousands of very small transistors and micro- chips which make the computer.

Anjali: It’s really interesting. How was it invented, aunty?

Mrs. Singh: Well, my dear children, do you know what a calculator is? Ankur: Yes, aunty. A calculator is a machine which makes addition, subtraction, multiplication and division fast and accurately.

Mrs. Singh: Right. Now, listen. The world’s first calculator was developed In China. The Japanese soon picked up the idea and developed better calculator. In the sixteenth century the Russians improved upon it. The first electronic computer was built at the university of Pennsylvania in USA in 1946. It was a huge machine. Computers of different sizes have been built since then.

Anjali: Thanks, aunty, for giving this information.

Ankur: Now aunty, please tell us how a computer is useful.

Mrs. Singh: You know, at railway stations and big hotels it is used for making reservations. In banks it can keep accounts easily. It is also used in homes.

Ankur: In homes? Why do people like to have it in homes?

Mrs. Singh: Well, it is a very helpful machine for homes. It can provide information like telephone number, address, keep accounts and pass on messages. It can provide interesting games. It may also teach children.

Ankur: Can it teach, aunty?

Mrs. Singh: Oh, yes, it can. Books are slowly being replaced by computers in many countries.

Anjali: Really ! I can’t believe it.

Mrs. Singh: Now I’ll show an interesting thing. Look, there is a toy car on that table. Now, I’ll push this button of the computer and the car will start. I can control its speed, change its direction or stop it with the help of the computer. (Mrs. Singh demonstrates.)

Ankur: Look, Anjali. How interesting!

Mrs. Singh: And, look at this big computer. It may tell us if there is any faults in any of the machines in the factory. A computer can also keep the information and tell us when we need it. It works almost like a human brain.

Anjali: Aunty, I think a computer is a substitute for human brain.

Mrs. Singh: No, not really. A computer can’t feel or think like a man. It hasn’t got common sense. It is just a support to our brain.

Ankur: Where can we learn aunty, how to use a computer.?

Mrs. Singh: Well, the Computer Science is being taught not only in colleges but also in many schools.

Anjali: Thank you, aunty, for this information. We would like to join such a course.

Glossary

demonstration: an act of showing something practically

transistor: a small piece of electronic equipment used in computers

micro-chip: a very small piece of a special material (silicon) used inside a computer

accurately: exactly and correctly, without mistakes

substitute: a person or thing that takes the place of somebody or something else

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative:

1. The room in which things (Computer) are displayed is called a-

a) dining room

b) demonstration room

c) distribution room

d) none of the above

2. Where is Computer Science being taught?

a) in colleges

b) in schools

c) not only in college but also in schools

d) none of the above

B. Answer each of the following questions in 10-15 words-

1. Where did Anjali and Ankur go one morning?

2. Why did they go there?

3. Where did the children see the computer?

4. How is the computer useful at home?

5. Where was the first electronic computer made?

6. How is the computer useful at railway station?

7. How is it useful in banks?

8. Why is the computer not a substitute for the human brain ?

Activity II

A. Complete the spelling

1. ad __it__on

2. m ____ nuf____cture

3. trans_____st_____rs

4. pl_____sure

5. s_____bstit_____te

6. ind_____str_____

7. su_____pp_____rt

8. impr_____v_____

9. br_____wn

10. instr_____tion

B. Fill in the blanks with the suitable form of the words given in brackets:

1. My servant is quite weak in __________(add)

2. Nine multiplied by six is fifty-four. It is simple _____ (multiply)

3. You can calculate the amount _____(accurate)

4. A computer works on the _____ fed to it.(inform)

5. Have you got the _____ on the train? (reserve)

6. One should not drive a car _____(care)

7. A _____ is a useful machine for general stores (calculate)

8. The _____ of land among brothers makes the farmers poor. (divide)

C. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words from those given below: accounts; support; improve; fault; manufacture; invent; brain; instructions; information; replace; industry.

1. The lights went off. There was a _____ in the wire.

2. Prakash is such a good typist that we can’t _____ him with other person.

3. The toy _____ of our country makes beautiful toys for children.

4. Your mother was ill. Did you get any _____ about her?

5. Scientist always try to _____ new machines.

6. The doctor said that my old grandfather had something wrong with his _____

7. My mother can keep _____ very well although she was weak in arithmetic at school.

8. You should attend the extra class if you want to _____ your

9. She gets scholarship which is a good _____ to her.

10. Did the class teacher give any _____?

11. Those factories don’t _____ new tyres. They only repair the old ones.

Activity III

A. Study the following sentences-

Someone is digging the field.(I can see him.)

The field is being dug.

In these sentences we find two different patterns of the verb forms. The first sentence begins with doer ‘someone’, the verb is ‘is digging’. The second sentence begins with the object ‘field’ and there is the verb ‘is+being+ the past participle form (the third form) of the verb’. In both sentences the action is taking place now.

Rewrite the following sentences starting them with the underline word. Mention the doer using ‘by’.

Example: Mohan is eating an apple.

An apple is being eaten by Mohan

1. Prakash is drawing a picture.

2. Some boys are beating the dog.

3. Sheela is cooking food in the field.

4. Ratan Singh is ploughing the field.

5. Two men are cutting trees there

6. Girls are not doing homework.

7. The policeman is checking the licenses.

8. The engineer is repairing the computer.

B. Rewrite the following sentence starting them the word underlined. Do not mention the doer.

Example: Someone is calling you.

You are being called.

1. Somebody is knocking at the door.

2. The servant is bringing tea.

3. The post office is selling India festival stamps.

4. They are playing chess.

5. They are hammering nails into the wall

6. They are hanging pictures in the drawing room now.

7. They are putting a fence around the house.

8. Some children are watering the plants.

Activity IV

A. The class will be divided into two groups. One group reads out a sentence from those given in activity IV and the other group changes it into passive voice.

B. Suppose, your school is going to celebrate the annual function. Some activities are being done in the hall on the dias. Tell what is being done. Start your sentence with the word/words underlined

(a) In the hall.

1. They are dusting the walls, the windows and the doors.

2. Some boys are hanging some pictures on the walls.

3. They are making paper flowers

4. Two servants are cleaning the floor.

5. Two girls are making garlands.

(b) On the dias.

1. Some boys are spreading a carpet over the dias.

2. Some boys are bringing chairs.

3. They are putting chairs on the dias.

4. Two boys are putting a table in front of chairs.

5. They are covering the table with a table-cover.

6. Two girls are putting flower pots on the table.

7. Someone is fixing a mike on a stand.

Activity V

Imagine you are a supervisor at an agricultural farm. You pay a visit to the farm to see what is being done there. You find-

1. Some people are digging up pits.

2. Some people are removing weeds.

3. Some others are breaking up stones.

4. A man is watering the plants.

5. Another man is selling vegetable to the customers.

6. A woman is giving dry hay to the cows.

7. Another woman is milking a cow.

Write down the description in passive voice. Don’t mention the doer.

14. Opening an Account

Have you ever visited a bank?

Do people deposit money in a bank?

Do they have their accounts in the bank?

Do you know how a bank account is opened?

Let us read the text to know the process of opening an account in a bank.

Jyoti’s examinations were over but her brother’s examinations were not over yet. So her parents decided that they would not go anywhere during the vacation. “What should I do during the summer holidays?” asked Jyoti to her friend, Neelima.

Neelima suggested that she could run hobby classes and Jyoti did so. She was delighted to earn five thousand rupees during the vacation.

Her mother asked her to deposit the money in a bank so she went to the bank. She was given an application form by a clerk. He also told her how to fill in the form. She did as she was told. She filled in the form, fixed her photograph and returned it to the clerk.

The entries were checked by the head clerk, Mr. Santosh. Then her specimen signatures were attested by the manager. After that she was given a pay-in slip. She filled in the slip. She handed over five thousand rupees along with the slip to the cashier. The money was deposited by him and she was given a receipt for it. She also got the account number. Then the clerk asked her to come to the bank after two days. She went there after two days. She was given a passbook and a cheque book .The entry of the deposited amount was there in the passbook. It was made by a computer.

So, now she has an account with the bank. Whenever she does some work during holidays and gets some money, she deposits it in the bank. She does so because she knows her money is safe in the bank and it will grow there. She will get interest on it. She can also withdraw money from the bank whenever she needs. She can use her cheque book to withdraw money.

Isn’t she very wise?

Glossary

vacation: holidays

delighted: happy

deposit: to put money into a bank account.

clerk: a person who maintains account.

cashier: a person who receives and pays out money in the bank

receipt: a piece of paper that shows the paid amount

account: an arrangement of money that somebody has with a bank in a passbook.

passbook: a small book containing a record of the money of an account chequebook: a book of printed cheques for withdrawing money.

interest: the extra money you receive when you invest money

withdraw: to take money out of a bank account

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative-

1. Whose examinations were over?

a) Jyoti’s brother’s

b) Jyoti’s

c) Neelima’s

d) None of the above

2. Who attested Jyoti’s signature?

a) The clerk

b) The head clerk c) The manager

d) None of the above

B. Say whether the following statement are True or False. Write ‘T’ for True and ‘F’ for false in the brackets given below.

i) Neelima was Jyoti’s sister ( )

ii) The cashier gave Jyoti an application form. ( )

iii) The clerk gave Jyoti a cheque book after two days. ( )

iv) Jyoti will get interest on the money. ( )

v) Jyoti cannot withdraw money from the bank. ( )

C. Answer the following questions in 10-15 words

i) What did Neelima ask Jyoti to do?

ii) How much money did Jyoti earn?

iii) What did Jyoti do with the money?

iv) Who checked the entries?

v) How can you say that Neelima is Jyoti’s good friend?

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks with words from the box.

hobby | application form | signature
manager | deposit |

i)The bank  …………………….is a very good person.

ii) The clerk asked Sumit to ……………….two hudred rupees.

iii) Ganesh collects old coins. It is his………………………….....….

iv) Manoj went to the college and brought an ……………………..

v) Sheela put her…………………………on the cheque.

B. Fill in the missing letter and complete the words

1. rec_ _pt 2. spec_men 3. int_rest 4. acc_ _nt 5. vac_tion.

Activity III

A. Read the following sentences carefully.

1. Jyoti should run hobby classes.

2. Jyoti can withdraw money from the bank.

3. Neelima may help Jyoti in running hobby classes.

4. We must have an account to deposit money in the bank.

5. Jyoti could earn more money.

‘Should, can, may, must and could’ are modals.

Should is used to give suggestion /advice.

Can is used to show present ability.

May is used to express possibility.

Could is used to express past ability.

Must is used to express necessity.

Note: These modals express much more; you will study in detail about them in your higher classes.

Now fill in the following blanks, choosing the correct one from the modals given at the end of the sentences -

i) Neelima suggested that Jyoti____open a bank account. (can/may/should)

ii) An account holder _____ withdraw money anytime. (must/should/can)

iii) We _____ deposit the minimum amount to open a bank account (may/can/must)

iv) The cashier ____ accept the more amount if she offered. (could/can/would)

v) The bank _____ provide some banking facilities free of cost. (may/must/could)

B. Read the following sentences carefully.

1. Take an application form from a clerk.

2. Fill in the application form.

3. Return the application form to the clerk.

4. Deposit the minimum amount using the pay-in-slip.

5. Receive the receipt with account number on it.

6. Do not misplace the receipt. 

All the above sentences are imperative sentences.

The first five sentences are Positive imperatives.

The last sentence is Negative imperative.

A Positive imperative begins with a bare infinitive (the first form of the verb).

A Negative imperative begins with Do not (Don’t)and the first form of the verb.

Now complete the following imperative sentences choosing the correct verb from the box given below-

Thank | Buy | Come
Go | Tell | Obtain

i) ______ a prescription sheet.

ii) ______to the doctor.

iii) ______the doctor about your ailment.

iv) ______the doctor for the treatment.

v) ______medicines free of cost from the hospital.

vi) ______back home safely. 

Activity IV

The teacher speaks the process of making tea. The students listen to it carefully-

Take some fresh water in a kettle.
Light the gas stove.
Place the kettle on the gas stove.
Boil the water.
Add tea leaves, sugar, milk, etc. to the boiling water.
Boil it again for some time.
Remove the kettle from the gas stove.
Sieve the tea.
Enjoy the steaming tea.

Now the teacher asks a few students to speak to it.

Activity V

A. Write the process of plantation using the clues given below-

Dig out the ground

Use manure

Mix pesticide

Plant the plant

Water it

B. You want to open an account with the Children’s Bright Future Bank. Fill in the following application form:

CHILDREN ‘S BRIGHT FUTURE BANK

196, Ring Road, Udaipur-313001

Phone 417256 Fax-0294-587421

Application form for opening an account.

Note: Please make all entries in the capital letters.

Sir,

I want to open a savings bank account with your bank.

1. Name: Mr./Miss..................................

2. Father’s Name: Mr............................................

3. Date of birth: ...........day...........Month.......Year

4. Full Postal Address:

5. Permanent Address:

6. Phone No.:

7. a. Name of the school:

b. Phone No.:

8. Specimen Signature (1) Specimen Signature (2)

Specimen Signature (3) Signature of the Applicant

Signature Attested by

...........................................

Manager

Date...................................

Place..................................

C. You are to deposit one hundred and thirty rupees in your account. Fill in the Pay-in-Slip.

Pay-in-Slip

CHILDREN’S BRIGHT FUTURE BANK

196, Ring Road, Udaipur - 313001

A/c No._____ Date _____

Name ..................................................................

Address......................................................................

Amount ( in words Rupees).................. Rs..........................

Signature

D. You have to give two hundred rupees to your friend. Fill in the following cheque to give it to your friend.

CHILDREN’S BRIGHT FUTURE BANK

196, Ring Road, Udaipur - 313001

Date.

Pay to .....................................................................Or / Bearer

Rs. .............................................................................................

Account No. 317147 Signature

No. CW 5178092

E. To The teacher:

Take your students to your nearest bank / post office and show them how it operates.

15. The Monsoon Fair

Do you enjoy going to a fair/mela?

Which festivals are celebrated with melas in our place?

Share with your friends the mela you liked the most. Tell them all that is there in the mela.

[The fair described in the poem here is the one held in Udaipur, Rajasthan. The fair stretches from the paal(shore) of FatehSagar to Saheliyon Ki Badi. Large crowds of men and women from the entire town and surrounding areas are seen celebrating together all day. The fair lasts for two days, and the last day is for women only.] Let’s read and enjoy this poem.

The roads are blocked
The people flocked
From villages far and near
To the monsoon fair here.

Decorated dolls
With skirts of foil
A dog that crawls
And snakes that coil
Are some of the wares
At the monsoon fairs.

Gur, Ghewar and Jalebi
Petha and Gulab halwa
Chat, Corn and Paani Puri
Namkeen and Maalpua
Are some of the treats
On the monsoon streets.

Tumbling boxes and merry-go-rounds
Dragon swings and driving cars
Tooting horns with great big sounds
Shooting arrows into the stars
Are some of the games
In the monsoon lanes.

Glossary

blocked: closed to stop vehicles 

flocked: came together in crowds

foil: thin colourful sheets of metal used for decorative purposes.

crawls: moves forward very slowly coil: move in circles

wares: goods sold at markets

horns: musical instruments made of a tube with a wide end lanes: narrow roads

Activity I

A. Have a look at the poem again and answer the following questions-

a. From where do the people come for the monsoon fair?

b. Name three toys sold at the monsoon fair.

c. Name five food items we can eat at the monsoon fair. d. What rides can we enjoy at the fair?

e. Why are the roads blocked when there is a fair?

Activity II

A. The poem has many rhyming words. Here are some of them. Match the rhyming words.

blocked | coil
here | near
foil | flocked
fairs | treats
halwa | stars
rounds | sounds
cars | wares
streets | pua

Activity III

A. Your teacher will read out a poem for you. Listen3 to it and find some rhyming words.

B. Tell your friends what you like best in a fair and why.

C. Read the poem ‘The Monsoon Fair’ aloud with your friends. Later take turns and read it out to the whole class.

Activity IV

Write a paragraph (8 sentences) about ‘ My Visit to a Mela’. Remember to write when (in which month) the Mela is held; for how many days it lasts; what kinds of stalls it has; what games it has; what eatables you can get; and how much you enjoy the Mela and why.

You may also draw a picture of the Mela. Don’t forget to draw yourself with your friends.

16. Swami Teoonram Ji

Swami Teoonram Ji
(1887-1944)

Whose picture is this?

Do you know something about him?

Let us learn more about Swami Teoonram Ji

Swami Teoonram Ji was born at the village Khandu, district Hyderabad of Sindhu Pradesh (presently in Pakistan) on 6 July,1887. His father’s name was Chelaram and mother’s name was Krishna Devi. They were religious and cultured people. Mother lulled ‘Shivoham- Shivoham ‘ to make the child sleep. So, the child Teoonram acquired good and religious qualities from his childhood.

He liked and sang devotional songs. Even, he would ask his friends to sing ‘Ram Dhuni’. In school, too, he would sing devotional songs. He would serve the seers and sages who visited his home. He would listen to their ‘kirtan’ .

He performed miracles right from his boyhood. Once he went with his companions to the bank of the river Sindhu. The companions started bathing in the river. Teoonram didn’t bathe. He took care of his companions ‘ clothes. Suddenly, a companion named Khillu started drowning. All the children started crying. Teoonram, immediately jumped into the river. He brought the child alive out of the river. Teoonram’s age was only 12 years at that time.

At the age of 16 he became the disciple of Sufi Sant Aasuram Ji and started preaching ‘Satsang’ (spiritual discourse). For the propagation of ‘Sanatan Dharma’ he formed a ‘Sant Mandali’ (a group of seers). It was named ‘Prem Prakash Sampradaya’ . The core tenet of this cult was to turn people to god and to maintain religious harmony by propagating Vedic culture. He never criticized any religion.

He had dedication for both ‘Bhakti’ (devotion ) and ‘karma’ (action). Some of the books composed by him are ‘Prem Prakash Granth’ ‘Bhrahm Darshini’, etc. He imparted 16 teachings to his followers.

He left this world on 6 June,1944 forever. His disciple Swami Sarvanand Ji brought his sacred remains to Jaipur city.’Amrapura’ temple has been built for him and a ‘Samadhi’ has been constructed in it. His statue has been fixed in this beautiful temple with high minarets and a dome over it.

Annual celebrations in his honour and memory are held here every year in Chaitra month. People from foreign countries also visit this holy place.

Swami Teoonram Ji’s Ashrams have been built in various cities such as Haridwar, Ajmer, Poona, Nasik, Indore, Baroda, Delhi, Agara, Lucknow, etc. The Ashramas have been built in foreign countries, too.

Satsang and Kirtan are organised in these Ashramas in the mornings and in the evenings. Grains, clothes and other things are donated to the needy.

Glossary

devotional: connected with religious services miracle: wonder

disciple: follower

propagation: spreading of an idea, a belief or a piece of information among many people

tenet: one of the principles that a theory is based on minarets: tall towers forming part of a temple, mosque, etc.

Activity I

A. Tick the correct alternative- 1

i) Where has Amrapura temple been built?

a) Jaipur

b) Udaipur

c) Bikaner

d) Jodhpur

ii) When did Swami Teoonram leave this world forever?

a) 1940

b) 1844

c) 1944

d) 1950

B. Complete the following statements-

1) The core tenet of this cult was to maintain………………………

2) He had dedication for both………………....................................

3) He imparted 16 teachings…………………..................................

4) He formed a ‘Sant Mandali’ named………................................…

5) He performed miracles right from………….................................

Activity II

A. Fill in the blanks with words from the box.

religious | seers | devotional
foreign | disciple | companion

i) He liked and sang……..songs.

ii) He would serve the……and sages who visited his home.

iii) A………..named Khillu started drowning .

iv) He never criticised any………….

v) Swami Sarvanand Ji was his…………….

vi) People from……………countries also visit Amrapura Temple in jaipur.

Activity III

Read the following sentences carefully-

1. Annual celebrations are held here.

2. Satsang is held in the evening.

The word ‘here’ in the first sentence is adverb of place.

The word ‘evening’ in the second sentence is adverb of time.

Adverbs of place indicate places.

Adverbs of time indicate times.

Now fill in the following blanks by choosing suitable adverb from the brackets given at the end of the sentence-

i) Religious people usually wake up ………….dawn. (before/ after)

ii) Devotees visit……..to pay their respect.(there/before)

iii) People from the world around come……..(never/here)

iv) He left the world for………..in 1944.(ever/nowhere)

Activity IV

The teacher asks the students one by one to express an important episode of the life of Swami Teoonram Ji.

Activity V

Write a biography of a person you like most.

PEOPLE AT WORK

who is a person who

1. writes for newspaper? journalist

2. is a professional rider in horse races? jockey

3. pays out money at a bank? cashier (teller)

4. takes care of a buildings? janitor

5. watches over students taking and examination? invigilator

6. is the head of a town council or corporation? Mayor

7. tests eyesight and sells spectacles optician

8. treats diseases by performing operations? surgeon

9. mends shoes ? cobbler

10. flies an aeroplane? pilot

11. attends to sick people and prescribes medicine? physician

12. collects postage stamps? philatelist

13. works in a coal mine? collier

14. foretells things by the stars? astrologer

15. sells sweets and pastries? confectioner

16. is in charge of a museum? curator

17. is in charge of a library? librarian